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The Python Debugger Pdb
=======================
To use the debugger in its simplest form:
>>> import pdb
>>> pdb.run('')
The debugger's prompt is '(Pdb) '. This will stop in the first
function call in .
Alternatively, if a statement terminated with an unhandled exception,
you can use pdb's post-mortem facility to inspect the contents of the
traceback:
>>>
>>> import pdb
>>> pdb.pm()
The commands recognized by the debugger are listed in the next
section. Most can be abbreviated as indicated; e.g., h(elp) means
that 'help' can be typed as 'h' or 'help' (but not as 'he' or 'hel',
nor as 'H' or 'Help' or 'HELP'). Optional arguments are enclosed in
square brackets. Alternatives in the command syntax are separated
by a vertical bar (|).
A blank line repeats the previous command literally, except for
'list', where it lists the next 11 lines.
Commands that the debugger doesn't recognize are assumed to be Python
statements and are executed in the context of the program being
debugged. Python statements can also be prefixed with an exclamation
point ('!'). This is a powerful way to inspect the program being
debugged; it is even possible to change variables or call functions.
When an exception occurs in such a statement, the exception name is
printed but the debugger's state is not changed.
The debugger supports aliases, which can save typing. And aliases can
have parameters (see the alias help entry) which allows one a certain
level of adaptability to the context under examination.
Multiple commands may be entered on a single line, separated by the
pair ';;'. No intelligence is applied to separating the commands; the
input is split at the first ';;', even if it is in the middle of a
quoted string.
If a file ".pdbrc" exists in your home directory or in the current
directory, it is read in and executed as if it had been typed at the
debugger prompt. This is particularly useful for aliases. If both
files exist, the one in the home directory is read first and aliases
defined there can be overridden by the local file. This behavior can be
disabled by passing the "readrc=False" argument to the Pdb constructor.
Aside from aliases, the debugger is not directly programmable; but it
is implemented as a class from which you can derive your own debugger
class, which you can make as fancy as you like.
Debugger commands
=================
Nc @ s e Zd ZdZdS )RestartzBCauses a debugger to be restarted for the debugged python program.N)__name__
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d| _ d| _ i | _
z dd l}|d W n tyA Y nw d| _|| _g | _|rz ttjd}| j| W d n1 sgw Y W n tyv Y nw z td }| j| W d n1 sw Y W n ty Y nw i | _i | _i | _ d| _ d | _ d S )
N)skipzpdb.Pdbr z(Pdb) Fz
`@#$%^&*()=+[{]}\|;:'",<>?z~/.pdbrcz.pdbrc) bdbBdb__init__cmdCmdsysaudit use_rawinputpromptaliases
displaying
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expanduserextendr commandscommands_dopromptcommands_silentcommands_defining
commands_bnum) r0 completekeystdinstdoutr3 rG readrcrC rcFiler r r r7 sT
z Pdb.__init__c C s* | j rt| d | | | d S )Nz-
Program interrupted. (Use 'cont' to resume).)rF KeyboardInterruptmessageset_stepr )r0 signumframer r r sigint_handler s
zPdb.sigint_handlerc C s t j| | d S r. )r5 r6 resetforgetr/ r r r r] s z Pdb.resetc C s& d | _ g | _d| _d | _| j d S r# )r stackcurindexcurframerB clearr/ r r r r^ s
z
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j | _ |
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z Pdb.setupc C sj | j sd S | j }| g | _ |r3| }|r/|d dkr/| |r/| j t|7 _ dS |sd S d S )Nr #T)rH r' popstriponecmdreversed)r0 rH r! r r r rj s
zPdb.execRcLinesc C s2 | j rdS | |r| d | |d dS dS )znThis method is called when there is the remote possibility
that we ever need to stop in this function.Nz--Call--)rA stop_hererX interaction)r0 r[
argument_listr r r user_call s
z
Pdb.user_callc C sL | j r| j| |jjks|jdkrdS d| _ | |r$| |d dS dS )z;This function is called when we stop or break at this line.r NF)rA r@ canonicre co_filenamef_lineno bp_commandsrt )r0 r[ r r r user_line s
z
Pdb.user_linec C s t | ddrH| j| jv rH| j}d| _| j}| |d | j| D ]}| | q || _| j| s9| | j| j | j
| rB| | dS dS )zCall every command that was set for the current active breakpoint
(if there is one).
Returns True if the normal interaction function must be called,
False otherwise. currentbpFr Nr )
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zPdb.bp_commandsc C s. | j rdS ||jd< | d | |d dS )z7This function is called when a return trap is set here.N
__return__z
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zPdb.user_returnc C sh | j rdS |\}}}||f|jd< |s|tu rdnd}| d|t||d f | || dS )zoThis function is called if an exception occurs,
but only if we are to stop at or just below this level.N
__exception__z Internal r4 z%s%s)rA rh
StopIterationrX tracebackformat_exception_onlyrp rt )r0 r[ exc_infoexc_type exc_value
exc_tracebackprefixr r r user_exception s
zPdb.user_exceptionc C s< z
d| _ | d| _ W d S ty | d Y nw q)NTFz--KeyboardInterrupt--)rF cmdlooprW rX r/ r r r r 3 s z Pdb._cmdloopc C sb | j | j}|r-| D ]!\}}| |}||ur,||kr,|||< | d|||f q
d S d S )Nzdisplay %s: %r [old: %r])r? getra items_getval_exceptrX )r0 r? exproldvaluenewvaluer r r preloop@ s
z Pdb.preloopc C sr t jrz
ttjt j W n ty Y nw d t _| ||r&| d S | | j| j |
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| t| dS dS )z{Custom displayhook for the exec in default(), which prevents
assignment of the _ variable in the builtins.
N)rX repr)r0 objr r r displayhook_ s zPdb.displayhookc C s |d d dkr|dd }| j }| jj}z;t|d dd}tj}tj}tj}z | jt_| jt_| jt_t||| W |t_|t_|t_W d S |t_|t_|t_w | Y d S )Nr !
zsingle)
ri ra f_globalsr r: rT rS r exec
_error_exc)r0 r! localsglobalsr( save_stdout
save_stdinsave_displayhookr r r defaultg s* z Pdb.defaultc C s | s|S | }|d | jv rI| j|d }d}|dd D ]}|dt| |}|d7 }q |dd|dd }| }|d | jv s|d dkrp|d}|dkrp||d d }| j | |d|
}|S )
z*Handle alias expansion and ';;' separator.r r N%z%* aliasz;; ) rp splitr> replacestrjoinfindlstripcmdqueueappendrstrip)r0 r! argsiitmpArgmarkernextr r r precmd| s*
z
Pdb.precmdc C s | j s
tj| |S | |S )zInterpret the argument as though it had been typed in response
to the prompt.
Checks whether this line is typed at the normal prompt or in
a breakpoint command list definition.
)rP r8 r9 rq handle_command_def)r0 r! r r r rq s
z
Pdb.onecmdc C s | |\}}}|s dS |dkrd| j| j< dS |dkr!g | _dS | j| j }|r3||d | n|| z t| d| }W n tyM | j}Y nw |j | j
v r_d| j | j< g | _dS dS ) z8Handles one command line during command list definition.NsilentTendr r do_F) parselinerO rQ r rM r r} AttributeErrorr r commands_resumingrN )r0 r! r8 argcmdlistfuncr r r r s.
zPdb.handle_command_defc C s t || jd d S )NfileprintrT r0 msgr r r rX z Pdb.messagec C s t d|| jd d S )Nz***r r r r r r error z Pdb.errorc C s | dr g S z
| ||||}W n ty g }Y nw tt|d }|D ]$}tj|r;| |d q+tj
|rO| drO| |d q+|S )N):,*/).pyz.pywr ) rp endswith_complete_expression Exceptionglobr rI rJ isdirr isfilelower)r0 textr! begidxendidxretglobsfnr r r _complete_location s zPdb._complete_locationc s fddt tjjD S )Nc s. g | ]\}}|d urt | rt |qS r. )r
startswith).0r+ bpr r r
s z*Pdb._complete_bpnumber..)r r5
Breakpoint
bpbynumberr0 r r! r r r r r _complete_bpnumber s zPdb._complete_bpnumberc s | j sg S i | j j| j}dv rRd z| d } dd D ]}t||}q$W n
ttfy: g Y S w d d d d fddt|D S fdd| D S )N.r r r c s" g | ]
}| d r| qS )r r r n)dottedr r r r s " z,Pdb._complete_expression..c g | ] }| r|qS r r r r r r r )
ra r ri r r} KeyErrorr r dirkeys)r0 r r! r r nsr partr )r r r r r s
zPdb._complete_expressionc C sB |s t tjjd }nzt|}W n | d Y dS || _|| jv r4| j| | j| | j | f}nd}g | j|< d| j|< d| j |< | j
}d| _
d| _ zKz| W n2 t
y |rt|d | j|< |d | j|< |d | j |< n | j|= | j|= | j |= | d Y n
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w )
a4 commands [bpnumber]
(com) ...
(com) end
(Pdb)
Specify a list of commands for breakpoint number bpnumber.
The commands themselves are entered on the following lines.
Type a line containing just 'end' to terminate the commands.
The commands are executed when the breakpoint is hit.
To remove all commands from a breakpoint, type commands and
follow it immediately with end; that is, give no commands.
With no bpnumber argument, commands refers to the last
breakpoint set.
You can use breakpoint commands to start your program up
again. Simply use the continue command, or step, or any other
command that resumes execution.
Specifying any command resuming execution (currently continue,
step, next, return, jump, quit and their abbreviations)
terminates the command list (as if that command was
immediately followed by end). This is because any time you
resume execution (even with a simple next or step), you may
encounter another breakpoint -- which could have its own
command list, leading to ambiguities about which list to
execute.
If you use the 'silent' command in the command list, the usual
message about stopping at a breakpoint is not printed. This
may be desirable for breakpoints that are to print a specific
message and then continue. If none of the other commands
print anything, you will see no sign that the breakpoint was
reached.
r z.Usage: commands [bnum]
...
endNTFz(com) r r z1command definition aborted, old commands restored)lenr5 r r intr rQ rM rN rO r= rP r rW )r0 r bnumold_command_defs prompt_backr r r do_commands sP %
zPdb.do_commandsr c
C s, |s | j r| d tjjD ] }|r| | qdS d}d}d}|d}|dkr=||d d }|d| }| d}d} |dkr|d| }|
|}
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s`| d| dS |
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}}|
s| d
| Y Y dS |
} t |}Y Y nw |s| }| ||}|r| ||||| }|r| | dS | ||d }| d |j |j |j f dS dS )
a b(reak) [ ([filename:]lineno | function) [, condition] ]
Without argument, list all breaks.
With a line number argument, set a break at this line in the
current file. With a function name, set a break at the first
executable line of that function. If a second argument is
present, it is a string specifying an expression which must
evaluate to true before the breakpoint is honored.
The line number may be prefixed with a filename and a colon,
to specify a breakpoint in another file (probably one that
hasn't been loaded yet). The file is searched for on
sys.path; the .py suffix may be omitted.
z!Num Type Disp Enb WhereNr r r r z%r not found from sys.pathzBad lineno: %s__func__zJThe specified object %r is not a function or was not found along sys.path.r zBreakpoint %d at %s:%d) breaksrX r5 r r bpformatr r r rfind lookupmoduler r r evalra r ri hasattrr __code__co_nameco_firstlinenorx lineinfo defaultFile checkline set_break
get_breaksnumberr r! )r0 r temporaryr r r condcommacolonr rk r r( oklnr! errr r r do_breakN s
z Pdb.do_breakc C s" | j jj}|dkr| jr| j}|S )z Produce a reasonable default.z)ra re rx r@ )r0 r r r r r
s
zPdb.defaultFilec C s | |d dS )ztbreak [ ([filename:]lineno | function) [, condition] ]
Same arguments as break, but sets a temporary breakpoint: it
is automatically deleted when first hit.
r N)r r0 r r r r do_tbreak s z
Pdb.do_tbreakc
C s d}| d}t|dkr|d }nt|dkr!|d }n|S |dkr)|S | d}|d dkr?|d= t|dkr?|S | }t|dkrN|d }n| |d }|rY|}|d }t||} | pe|S ) N)NNN'r r r4 r r0 )r r rp r
r r" )
r0
identifierfailedidstringidpartsfnameitemrk answerr r r r s,
z Pdb.lineinfoc C s t | dd}|r |jnd}t|||}|s | d dS | }|r9|d dks9|dd dks9|dd dkr@| d dS |S )
zCheck whether specified line seems to be executable.
Return `lineno` if it is, 0 if not (e.g. a docstring, comment, blank
line or EOF). Warning: testing is not comprehensive.
ra Nz End of filer rn r z"""z'''zBlank or comment)r} r linecachegetlinerX rp r )r0 r r r[ r r! r r r r s
z
Pdb.checklinec C j | }|D ],}z| |}W n ty& } z | | W Y d}~qd}~ww | | d| qdS )zenable bpnumber [bpnumber ...]
Enables the breakpoints given as a space separated list of
breakpoint numbers.
Nz
Enabled %s)r get_bpbynumberr r enablerX r0 r r r+ r r r r r do_enable s z
Pdb.do_enablec C r% )aN disable bpnumber [bpnumber ...]
Disables the breakpoints given as a space separated list of
breakpoint numbers. Disabling a breakpoint means it cannot
cause the program to stop execution, but unlike clearing a
breakpoint, it remains in the list of breakpoints and can be
(re-)enabled.
Nz Disabled %s)r r& r r disablerX r( r r r
do_disable s zPdb.do_disablec
C s | dd}z|d }W n ty d}Y nw z | |d }W n& ty2 | d Y dS tyI } z | | W Y d}~dS d}~ww ||_|sY| d|j dS | d|j dS )a# condition bpnumber [condition]
Set a new condition for the breakpoint, an expression which
must evaluate to true before the breakpoint is honored. If
condition is absent, any existing condition is removed; i.e.,
the breakpoint is made unconditional.
r r Nr Breakpoint number expectedz#Breakpoint %d is now unconditional.z$New condition set for breakpoint %d.) r
IndexErrorr& rp r r r rX r )r0 r r r r r r r r do_condition s$ zPdb.do_conditionc
C s | }z
t|d }W n d}Y z | |d }W n& ty/ | d Y dS tyF } z | | W Y d}~dS d}~ww ||_|dkre|dkrWd| }nd}| d||j f dS | d|j dS ) a ignore bpnumber [count]
Set the ignore count for the given breakpoint number. If
count is omitted, the ignore count is set to 0. A breakpoint
becomes active when the ignore count is zero. When non-zero,
the count is decremented each time the breakpoint is reached
and the breakpoint is not disabled and any associated
condition evaluates to true.
r r r, Nz %d crossingsz
1 crossingz%Will ignore next %s of breakpoint %d.z-Will stop next time breakpoint %d is reached.)
r r rp r& r- r r ignorerX r )r0 r r countr r countstrr r r do_ignore7 s0
z
Pdb.do_ignorec
C s |s9zt d}W n ty d}Y nw | }|dv r7dd tjjD }| |D ] }| d| q-dS d|v r| d}|d| }||d d }zt
|}W n
t yc d
| }Y nw | ||dd }|
||}|r}| | dS |D ] }| d| qdS | } | D ]-}z| |}W n t y } z | | W Y d}~qd}~ww | | | d| qdS ) a= cl(ear) filename:lineno
cl(ear) [bpnumber [bpnumber...]]
With a space separated list of breakpoint numbers, clear
those breakpoints. Without argument, clear all breaks (but
first ask confirmation). With a filename:lineno argument,
clear all breaks at that line in that file.
zClear all breaks? no)yyesc S s g | ]}|r|qS r r )r r r r r r h s z Pdb.do_clear..z
Deleted %sNr r zInvalid line number (%s))inputEOFErrorrp r r5 r r clear_all_breaksrX r r r r
clear_breakr r r& clear_bpbynumber)
r0 r replybplistr r+ r r r
numberlistr r r do_clearZ sR
z Pdb.do_clearc C | dS )zw(here)
Print a stack trace, with the most recent frame at the bottom.
An arrow indicates the "current frame", which determines the
context of most commands. 'bt' is an alias for this command.
N)print_stack_tracer r r r do_where s z Pdb.do_wherec C s` d| krt | jk sJ J || _| j| j d | _| jj| _| | j| j d | _d S r# )r r_ r` ra rh ri r r )r0 r r r r
_select_frame s "
zPdb._select_framec C sx | j dkr | d dS zt|pd}W n ty% | d| Y dS w |dk r-d}ntd| j | }| | dS )zu(p) [count]
Move the current frame count (default one) levels up in the
stack trace (to an older frame).
r z Oldest frameNr Invalid frame count (%s))r` r r r maxrB r0 r r0 newframer r r do_up s
z Pdb.do_upc C s | j d t| jkr| d dS zt|pd}W n ty* | d| Y dS w |dk r7t| jd }n
tt| jd | j | }| | dS )zd(own) [count]
Move the current frame count (default one) levels down in the
stack trace (to a newer frame).
r z Newest frameNrC r )r` r r_ r r r minrB rE r r r do_down s
z Pdb.do_downc C sf |r(zt |}W n ty | d| Y dS w || jjkr'| d dS nd}| | j| dS )aN unt(il) [lineno]
Without argument, continue execution until the line with a
number greater than the current one is reached. With a line
number, continue execution until a line with a number greater
or equal to that is reached. In both cases, also stop when
the current frame returns.
Error in argument: %rNz7"until" line number is smaller than current line numberr )r r r ra ry set_until)r0 r r r r r do_until s
z Pdb.do_untilc C r? )zs(tep)
Execute the current line, stop at the first possible occasion
(either in a function that is called or in the current
function).
r )rY r r r r do_step s z Pdb.do_stepc C | | j dS )zxn(ext)
Continue execution until the next line in the current function
is reached or it returns.
r )set_nextra r r r r do_next s z Pdb.do_nextc
C sv |r9ddl }tjdd }z||t_W n ty1 } z| d||f W Y d}~dS d}~ww |tjdd< t)a run [args...]
Restart the debugged python program. If a string is supplied
it is split with "shlex", and the result is used as the new
sys.argv. History, breakpoints, actions and debugger options
are preserved. "restart" is an alias for "run".
r Nr zCannot run %s: %s)shlexr: argvr r r r )r0 r rQ argv0er r r do_run s z
Pdb.do_runc C rN )zPr(eturn)
Continue execution until the current function returns.
r )
set_returnra r r r r do_return s z
Pdb.do_returnc C s< | j sz ttj| jt_W n ty Y nw | dS )z]c(ont(inue))
Continue execution, only stop when a breakpoint is encountered.
r )rG r r r\ r r r set_continuer r r r do_continue s zPdb.do_continuec
C s | j d t| jkr| d dS zt|}W n ty& | d Y dS w z || j_| j| j d |f| j| j < | | j| j W dS ty_ } z| d| W Y d}~dS d}~ww )a j(ump) lineno
Set the next line that will be executed. Only available in
the bottom-most frame. This lets you jump back and execute
code again, or jump forward to skip code that you don't want
to run.
It should be noted that not all jumps are allowed -- for
instance it is not possible to jump into the middle of a
for loop or out of a finally clause.
r z)You can only jump within the bottom frameNz)The 'jump' command requires a line numberr zJump failed: %s) r` r r_ r r r ra ry r )r0 r rT r r r do_jump! s
z Pdb.do_jumpc C s t d | jj}| j}t| j| j| j}d| j
|_ | d z t |j
|||f W n
ty; | Y nw | d t | j |j| _dS )zdebug code
Enter a recursive debugger that steps through the code
argument (which is an arbitrary expression or statement to be
executed in the current environment).
Nz(%s) zENTERING RECURSIVE DEBUGGERzLEAVING RECURSIVE DEBUGGER)r: settracera r ri r rR rS rT r= rp rX call_tracingr r r trace_dispatchr~ )r0 r r r pr r r do_debug> s
z Pdb.do_debugc C s d| _ | dS )z[q(uit)
exit
Quit from the debugger. The program being executed is aborted.
Tr )_user_requested_quitset_quitr r r r do_quitT s z Pdb.do_quitc C s | d d| _| dS )z=EOF
Handles the receipt of EOF as a command.
r4 Tr )rX r` ra r r r r do_EOF_ s
z
Pdb.do_EOFc C s | j j}| j}|j|j }|jtj@ r|d }|jtj@ r!|d }t |D ] }|j
| }||v r<| d||| f q%| d|f q%dS )zHa(rgs)
Print the argument list of the current function.
r z%s = %rz%s = *** undefined ***N) ra re ri co_argcountco_kwonlyargcountco_flagsinspect
CO_VARARGSCO_VARKEYWORDSrange co_varnamesrX )r0 r codictr r+ namer r r do_argsh s
z Pdb.do_argsc C s0 d| j v r| t| j d dS | d dS )zQretval
Print the return value for the last return of a function.
r zNot yet returned!N)ri rX r r r r r r do_retvaly s
z
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t || jj| jW S | r. )r ra r ri r r r r r _getval s
z Pdb._getvalc C sh z|d u rt || jj| jW S t ||j|jW S t d d }tj| d }t
d| Y S )Nr r z** raised %s **) r ra r ri rh r: r r r rp r- )r0 r r[ r r r r r r s zPdb._getval_exceptc C s, t d d }| tj| d d S )Nr r )r: r r r r rp )r0 r r r r r s zPdb._error_excc C sF z| |}W n Y d S z
| || W d S | Y d S r. )rq rX r )r0 r r valr r r
_msg_val_func s zPdb._msg_val_funcc C s | |t dS )z@p expression
Print the value of the expression.
N)rs r r r r r do_p s zPdb.do_pc C s | |tj dS )zHpp expression
Pretty-print the value of the expression.
N)rs pprintpformatr r r r do_pp s z Pdb.do_ppc C s d| _ d}|rL|dkrLz/d|v r,|d\}}t| }t| }||k r+|| }n
t| }td|d }W n) tyK | d| Y dS w | jdu sU|dkr_td| jj d }n| jd }|du rl|d }| jj
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}| ||d | ||| j t|t|| _t||k r| d W dS W dS ty Y dS w ) a l(ist) [first [,last] | .]
List source code for the current file. Without arguments,
list 11 lines around the current line or continue the previous
listing. With . as argument, list 11 lines around the current
line. With one argument, list 11 lines starting at that line.
With two arguments, list the given range; if the second
argument is less than the first, it is a count.
The current line in the current frame is indicated by "->".
If an exception is being debugged, the line where the
exception was originally raised or propagated is indicated by
">>", if it differs from the current line.
r$ Nr r r rJ
z\}}t|d} t| dk r+| d7 } ||v r4| d7 } n| d7 } ||krA| d7 } n||krI| d7 } | | d | qd S )
zPrint a range of lines.r r r Bz->z>> N) ry rB r r r rjustr rX r )
r0 r r r r[ current_lineno
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zPdb._print_linesc C s z| |}W n Y dS d}z|jj}W n ty Y nw |r,| d|j dS z|j}W n ty: Y nw |rG| d|j dS |jtu rY| d|j|j f dS | t| dS )z;whatis arg
Print the type of the argument.
Nz Method %sz Function %sz Class %s.%s)
rq r r r rX r __class__typer r )r0 r valuer( r r r do_whatis s2
z
Pdb.do_whatisc C sn |s | d | j| ji D ] }| d| qdS | |}|| j| ji |< | d||f dS )zdisplay [expression]
Display the value of the expression if it changed, each time execution
stops in the current frame.
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zCurrently displaying:z%s: %rzdisplay %s: %rN)rX r? r ra r r
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zPdb.do_displayc C sT |r z | j | ji |= W dS ty | d| Y dS w | j | jd dS )zundisplay [expression]
Do not display the expression any more in the current frame.
Without expression, clear all display expressions for the current frame.
znot displaying %sN)r? r ra r r ro r r r r do_undisplayV s zPdb.do_undisplayc s fdd| j | ji D S )Nc r r r )r rT r r r r f s
z*Pdb.complete_undisplay..)r? r ra r r r r complete_undisplaye s zPdb.complete_undisplayc C s$ i | j j| j}tjd|d dS )zinteract
Start an interactive interpreter whose global namespace
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z
*interactive*)localN)ra r ri r( interact)r0 r r r r r do_interacti s zPdb.do_interactc C s | }t|dkr$t| j }|D ]}| d|| j| f qdS |d | jv rCt|dkrC| d|d | j|d f dS d|dd | j|d < dS )ac alias [name [command [parameter parameter ...] ]]
Create an alias called 'name' that executes 'command'. The
command must *not* be enclosed in quotes. Replaceable
parameters can be indicated by %1, %2, and so on, while %* is
replaced by all the parameters. If no command is given, the
current alias for name is shown. If no name is given, all
aliases are listed.
Aliases may be nested and can contain anything that can be
legally typed at the pdb prompt. Note! You *can* override
internal pdb commands with aliases! Those internal commands
are then hidden until the alias is removed. Aliasing is
recursively applied to the first word of the command line; all
other words in the line are left alone.
As an example, here are two useful aliases (especially when
placed in the .pdbrc file):
# Print instance variables (usage "pi classInst")
alias pi for k in %1.__dict__.keys(): print("%1.",k,"=",%1.__dict__[k])
# Print instance variables in self
alias ps pi self
r z%s = %sNr r )r r sortedr> r rX r )r0 r r r r r r r do_aliasr s $ z Pdb.do_aliasc C s: | }t|dkr dS |d | jv r| j|d = dS dS )z9unalias name
Delete the specified alias.
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zPdb.do_unaliasc s fdd| j D S )Nc r r r )r ar r r r r z(Pdb.complete_unalias..)r> r r r r complete_unalias r zPdb.complete_unalias)rY rM rP rW rb rZ c C s2 z| j D ]}| | qW d S ty Y d S w r. )r_ r rW )r0 frame_linenor r r r@ s
zPdb.print_stack_tracec C s6 |\}}|| j u r d}nd}| || || d S )Nz> z )ra rX format_stack_entry)r0 r
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zPdb.print_stack_entryc C s |s t j| |S z z t| d| }| W W S ty& t| d| }Y nw W n ty9 | d| Y dS w tjjdkrI| d| dS |j du rW| d| dS |
|j dS )zh(elp)
Without argument, print the list of available commands.
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"help exec" gives help on the ! command.
help_r zNo help for %rr zJNo help for %r; please do not run Python with -OO if you need command helpNz&No help for %r; __doc__ string missing) r8 r9 do_helpr} r r r: flagsoptimizer rX r )r0 r topiccommandr r r r s,
z Pdb.do_helpc C s | | jjpd dS )a (!) statement
Execute the (one-line) statement in the context of the current
stack frame. The exclamation point can be omitted unless the
first word of the statement resembles a debugger command. To
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(Pdb) global list_options; list_options = ['-l']
(Pdb)
r4 N)rX help_execr rp r/ r r r r s
z
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z Pdb.help_pdbc C s t j|rt j|r|S t jtjd |}t j|r(| || jkr(|S t j|\}}|dkr8|d }t j|r@|S tjD ]$}t j |rVt
|}t j |sKt j||}t j|rg| S qCdS )zHelper function for break/clear parsing -- may be overridden.
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r r4 r N) rI rJ isabsexistsr r: rw r@ splitextislinkreadlink)r0 r rk rootextdirnamefullnamer r r r s&
zPdb.lookupmodulec C sr d| _ d| _dd l}||\}}}| |j| _dd l}|j |j
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zPdb._runscript)r2 NNNFT)r r. )r N)yr r r r r7 r\ r] r^ rm rj rv r{ rz r r r r rt r r r rq r rX r r r r r complete_commandsr r
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complete_br complete_tbreakr r r) complete_enabler+ complete_disabler. complete_conditionr2 complete_ignorer> do_clcomplete_clear complete_clrA do_wdo_btrB rG do_urI do_drL do_untrM do_srP do_nrU
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c O s t j| i |S r. )r r )r kwdsr r r r P r r )headerc C s, t }| d ur || |t j d S r. )r rX r r: _getframef_back)r pdbr r r r S s
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t d } | d u rtdt }| |d | d S )Nr zAA valid traceback must be passed if no exception is being handled)r: r r r r] rt )tr^ r r r r [ s r c C s t tj d S r. )r r: last_tracebackr r r r r
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zimport x; x.main()c C s t t d S r. )r TESTCMDr r r r testq s r c C s dd l } | t d S r# )pydocpagerr )r r r r r u s r a usage: pdb.py [-c command] ... [-m module | pyfile] [arg] ...
Debug the Python program given by pyfile. Alternatively,
an executable module or package to debug can be specified using
the -m switch.
Initial commands are read from .pdbrc files in your home directory
and in the current directory, if they exist. Commands supplied with
-c are executed after commands from .pdbrc files.
To let the script run until an exception occurs, use "-c continue".
To let the script run up to a given line X in the debugged file, use
"-c 'until X'".c
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